How to Operate as Technology Provider and Contractor in the International EfW World
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
The classic main markets in Europe for EfW plants have come close to a point of saturation. Legislation and many efforts spent over the past years to introduce an environmentally friendly disposal of municipal solid waste resulted in a network of plants and capacities of which a major extension may not be expected anymore.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
The classic main markets in Europe for EfW plants have come close to a point of saturation. Legislation and many efforts spent over the past years to introduce an environmentally friendly disposal of municipal solid waste resulted in a network of plants and capacities of which a major extension may not be expected anymore.
Acceptance and Realisation of Waste-to-Energy Projects - Communications of the Project Management with Politics and Concerned Persons
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
The real control over the success rate for building new EfW plants is not how well we communicate the technology to hosting communities, but their perception of the risk from that technology.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
The real control over the success rate for building new EfW plants is not how well we communicate the technology to hosting communities, but their perception of the risk from that technology.
Development of Waste-to-Energy Projects
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Waste-to-energy plants contribute substantially to achieve the goal of a reliable, sustainable and efficient disposal of waste. Recovery of energy and valuable material is an additional benefit. Before starting the technical elaboration, the non-technical questions have to be answered. They are strongly dependent on local boundary conditions. For the financial aspects some general hints are given as well as rules of thumbs. The technical evaluation bases on system analysis and comparison of operational, design, energetic and environmental criteria.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Waste-to-energy plants contribute substantially to achieve the goal of a reliable, sustainable and efficient disposal of waste. Recovery of energy and valuable material is an additional benefit. Before starting the technical elaboration, the non-technical questions have to be answered. They are strongly dependent on local boundary conditions. For the financial aspects some general hints are given as well as rules of thumbs. The technical evaluation bases on system analysis and comparison of operational, design, energetic and environmental criteria.
Waste Incineration in the 21st Century - Energy-Efficient and Climate-Friendly Recycling Plant and Pollutant Sink
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
The first waste incineeration plants in Europe were built in the middle of the 19th century. Hygiene played an important role, because plagues had again and again hit many countries, cost numerous lives.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
The first waste incineeration plants in Europe were built in the middle of the 19th century. Hygiene played an important role, because plagues had again and again hit many countries, cost numerous lives.
Implementation of a Recovery System with Optimized Interfaces - The Total Plastic Concept
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
The German system for recovery of mixed dry recyclables has been established in the early 90s. It was installed to increase the recycling rates additional to the already existing system: the separate collection of papaer and glass.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
The German system for recovery of mixed dry recyclables has been established in the early 90s. It was installed to increase the recycling rates additional to the already existing system: the separate collection of papaer and glass.
Recovery of Recyclables from Municipal Solid Waste - Experiences from Poland and Cyprus
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
A high amount of recyclable materials is still landfilled in many European countries. Against this backdrop mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) was previously considered to be purely a residual waste stream, but now it is increasingly being looked at as a valuable source for recyclable fractions.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
A high amount of recyclable materials is still landfilled in many European countries. Against this backdrop mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) was previously considered to be purely a residual waste stream, but now it is increasingly being looked at as a valuable source for recyclable fractions.
Plastic Waste Recovery in Spain - Overview of the Market and Applied Technologies
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Plastic consumption in different Spanish industrial sectors was 2.840.000 tonnes in 2010 and generated approxomately 2.206.000 tonnes of plastic waste in 2010. About 23% of this waste was recycled and 17% recovered, being landfilled about 60% [2].
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Plastic consumption in different Spanish industrial sectors was 2.840.000 tonnes in 2010 and generated approxomately 2.206.000 tonnes of plastic waste in 2010. About 23% of this waste was recycled and 17% recovered, being landfilled about 60% [2].
Challenges of Mixed Plastics Recovery from MSW Sources in the United Kingdom
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Part of the integrated waste management approach in the United Kingdom is a mechanical pre-treatment of MSW prior to either EfW (Energy from Waste) or AD (Anaerobic Digestion). As a consequence of the pre-treatment some unwanted material is being separated form the primary target material, and in most cases this material contains some valuable sub grades. One of these sub grades is mixed plastic. The amount and quality of recoverable mixed plastics within MSW depends firstly on the collection and transfer and storage scheme prior to the mechanical pre-treamtent and secondly on the consumer and education from the Local Authority who is ultimately responsible for the local or regional waste management strategy and education.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Part of the integrated waste management approach in the United Kingdom is a mechanical pre-treatment of MSW prior to either EfW (Energy from Waste) or AD (Anaerobic Digestion). As a consequence of the pre-treatment some unwanted material is being separated form the primary target material, and in most cases this material contains some valuable sub grades. One of these sub grades is mixed plastic. The amount and quality of recoverable mixed plastics within MSW depends firstly on the collection and transfer and storage scheme prior to the mechanical pre-treamtent and secondly on the consumer and education from the Local Authority who is ultimately responsible for the local or regional waste management strategy and education.
Recovery of Plastics from Household Waste by Mechanical Separation
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Plastic packaging in the waste of private households used to be incinerated in the Netherlands until the end of 2008. In January 2009, a source separation system for plastic packaging waste (PPW) was established to reduce the amount of residual waste and secure access to secondary resources. Between 2009 and beginning of 2011 three mechanical-biological treatment plants started to recover PPW from municipal solid refuse waste of some municipalities.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Plastic packaging in the waste of private households used to be incinerated in the Netherlands until the end of 2008. In January 2009, a source separation system for plastic packaging waste (PPW) was established to reduce the amount of residual waste and secure access to secondary resources. Between 2009 and beginning of 2011 three mechanical-biological treatment plants started to recover PPW from municipal solid refuse waste of some municipalities.
Post-Consumer Plastic Packaging Waste - How to Increase the Yield and Reduce the Cost
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Recycling schemes for post-consumer plastic packaging waste are politically motivated, create environmental benefits for the society and increase the business costs in general. These recycling schemes are shaped by the local presence of converting industries that are able to use the recyclates as raw materials. Choices for recycling schemes should therefore be based on the expected compliance, efficiency (the lowest environmental impacts for the least costs) and the present local industry.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (10/2012)
Recycling schemes for post-consumer plastic packaging waste are politically motivated, create environmental benefits for the society and increase the business costs in general. These recycling schemes are shaped by the local presence of converting industries that are able to use the recyclates as raw materials. Choices for recycling schemes should therefore be based on the expected compliance, efficiency (the lowest environmental impacts for the least costs) and the present local industry.
