Influence of pre-screening before ballistic separation on NIR-sorting quality of plastic rich 3D-fractions out of MCW
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2020)
The exploitation of plastics gains more importance over time. In this con-text, material recycling is especially focused on packaging plastics. A further waste stream that contains a significant amount of plastics is mixed commercial solid waste. To assess the potential of plastics for recycling and energy recovery from these waste stream large-scale experiments were conducted. The potential of mechanical pre-processing with the aim of generating a 3D-plastics pre-concentrate was assessed. The focus of these investigations was put on the relevance of the screening stage and its influence on down-stream material processing via ballistic separation and sensor-based sorting. Results demonstrate not only that the screening of the waste leads to enrichment of plastics in coarse particle size ranges (especially > 80 mm) and transfer of contaminants, organics and minerals to fine fractions (especially < 10 mm), but also that sensor-based sorting performance can be significantly enhanced due to cleaning effects on plastics, induced by the material circulation and friction in a drum screen.
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2020)
The exploitation of plastics gains more importance over time. In this con-text, material recycling is especially focused on packaging plastics. A further waste stream that contains a significant amount of plastics is mixed commercial solid waste. To assess the potential of plastics for recycling and energy recovery from these waste stream large-scale experiments were conducted. The potential of mechanical pre-processing with the aim of generating a 3D-plastics pre-concentrate was assessed. The focus of these investigations was put on the relevance of the screening stage and its influence on down-stream material processing via ballistic separation and sensor-based sorting. Results demonstrate not only that the screening of the waste leads to enrichment of plastics in coarse particle size ranges (especially > 80 mm) and transfer of contaminants, organics and minerals to fine fractions (especially < 10 mm), but also that sensor-based sorting performance can be significantly enhanced due to cleaning effects on plastics, induced by the material circulation and friction in a drum screen.
International Experience of Risks Sharing between Public and Private Entities in Energy-from-Waste Plants Construction
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (9/2016)
Imagine that you are the mayor of a city named Metropolis and are in Charge of School logistics. Before doing so, you might have to ask yourself a few essential questions. What kind of transportation will you provide? Who will it benefit: students, staff or both? Where will the service be provided? When will it be provided: in the evening, morning? And finally, how much will it cost? All these essential questions need to be answered before starting to implement this project and to buy your buses. By doing so, planning, financing, building and operating the chosen mean of Transportation will become an easier task. After that, your political decisions will direct the choice of implication of private sector on the different aspects of your project.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (9/2016)
Imagine that you are the mayor of a city named Metropolis and are in Charge of School logistics. Before doing so, you might have to ask yourself a few essential questions. What kind of transportation will you provide? Who will it benefit: students, staff or both? Where will the service be provided? When will it be provided: in the evening, morning? And finally, how much will it cost? All these essential questions need to be answered before starting to implement this project and to buy your buses. By doing so, planning, financing, building and operating the chosen mean of Transportation will become an easier task. After that, your political decisions will direct the choice of implication of private sector on the different aspects of your project.
Waste Generation and Disposal Methods in Emerging Countries
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (11/2014)
Solid waste is an environmental problem in both developed and developing countries. The typical problem in Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) of developing countries can be identified as inadequate service coverage and operational inefficiencies of services, limited utilization of recycling activities, inadequate landfill capacity, and inadequate management of hazardous and healthcare waste. In recent years, most developing countries have started to improve their municipal solid waste management practices. Different countries have adopted different strategies for reaching their goals, be it by applying advanced environmental technologies and extending recycling and reuse. Sustainable waste management will have to consider all possible options for the reduction of the negative impact of consumption.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (11/2014)
Solid waste is an environmental problem in both developed and developing countries. The typical problem in Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) of developing countries can be identified as inadequate service coverage and operational inefficiencies of services, limited utilization of recycling activities, inadequate landfill capacity, and inadequate management of hazardous and healthcare waste. In recent years, most developing countries have started to improve their municipal solid waste management practices. Different countries have adopted different strategies for reaching their goals, be it by applying advanced environmental technologies and extending recycling and reuse. Sustainable waste management will have to consider all possible options for the reduction of the negative impact of consumption.
Paradigm Shift in the British Waste Management Sector – from Landfilling to Incineration –
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (11/2014)
Twenty years ago, in 1994, the UK was still coming to terms with the advent of new legislation, principally the Environmental Protection Act 1990, under which many local government waste management operations were transferred to arm’s length companies, some of which were subsequently wholly or partly privatized. Other operations were the subject of public tenders in which the private sector to part. The author was involved in one of the first privately funded and operated energy from waste projects for Hampshire County Council, being a 400,000 tpa facility planned for Portsmouth.
© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (11/2014)
Twenty years ago, in 1994, the UK was still coming to terms with the advent of new legislation, principally the Environmental Protection Act 1990, under which many local government waste management operations were transferred to arm’s length companies, some of which were subsequently wholly or partly privatized. Other operations were the subject of public tenders in which the private sector to part. The author was involved in one of the first privately funded and operated energy from waste projects for Hampshire County Council, being a 400,000 tpa facility planned for Portsmouth.
Greenhouse gas balances in biowaste treatment concepts with focus on compost and energy production
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2014)
The greenhouse (GHG) gas and energy performance of bio-waste treatment plants was investigated for characteristic bio-waste treatment concepts: composting, biological drying for the production of biomass fuel fractions, and anaerobic digestion. In contrast to other Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies the focus was put on the direct comparison of the latest process concepts and state of the art emission control measures. In addition the value of compost as a soil improver was included in the evaluation.
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2014)
The greenhouse (GHG) gas and energy performance of bio-waste treatment plants was investigated for characteristic bio-waste treatment concepts: composting, biological drying for the production of biomass fuel fractions, and anaerobic digestion. In contrast to other Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies the focus was put on the direct comparison of the latest process concepts and state of the art emission control measures. In addition the value of compost as a soil improver was included in the evaluation.
Urban Forest Waste Management in Small Municipalities of São Paulo State, Brazil
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2014)
The waste management of urban trees is related to one of the main challenges of urban centers: the proper disposal of solid waste, in compliance with the Solid Waste National Policy. Under the current circumstances in Brazil, the mismanagement has resulted in high costs for municipalities, affecting large areas for disposal, pollution and degradation of the environment. Entails also the residues materials that have potential for the manufacture of various products such as well as compost. Thus, was designed a model for urban forest waste management for small municipalities that have special technical, administrative and economic conditions that often prevent an appropriate disposal of such waste.
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2014)
The waste management of urban trees is related to one of the main challenges of urban centers: the proper disposal of solid waste, in compliance with the Solid Waste National Policy. Under the current circumstances in Brazil, the mismanagement has resulted in high costs for municipalities, affecting large areas for disposal, pollution and degradation of the environment. Entails also the residues materials that have potential for the manufacture of various products such as well as compost. Thus, was designed a model for urban forest waste management for small municipalities that have special technical, administrative and economic conditions that often prevent an appropriate disposal of such waste.
