How will tramp elements affect future steel recycling in Europe?
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2022)
Global steel production has grown massively since the Second World War. In recent decades, however, the steel market has become saturated in affluent regions such as the US and the EU. This has resulted in stagnate steel production and increased quantities of old scrap. The increasing shares of post-consumer scrap offer the opportunity to increase the share of scrap in crude steel production.
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2022)
Global steel production has grown massively since the Second World War. In recent decades, however, the steel market has become saturated in affluent regions such as the US and the EU. This has resulted in stagnate steel production and increased quantities of old scrap. The increasing shares of post-consumer scrap offer the opportunity to increase the share of scrap in crude steel production.
Reuse of building components
© Wasteconsult International (5/2017)
Cities and buildings are urban mines for raw materials and bind large quantities of valuable resources for various periods of time. In addition to the common recycling activities, primarily for mineral construction residues, a market for well-preserved 2nd hand structural components and materials is emerging.
© Wasteconsult International (5/2017)
Cities and buildings are urban mines for raw materials and bind large quantities of valuable resources for various periods of time. In addition to the common recycling activities, primarily for mineral construction residues, a market for well-preserved 2nd hand structural components and materials is emerging.
Plastics Recycling and Energy Recovery Activities in Poland – Current Status and Development Prospects –
© ThomĂ©-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (9/2016)
The waste disposal system in Poland is one of the least advanced in Europe. Despite great efforts over the last 20 years municipal waste landfilling has only reduced from 95 percent in 1991 to 73 percent in 2010. This still means that millions of tonnes of post-consumer waste continue to be landfilled.
© ThomĂ©-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (9/2016)
The waste disposal system in Poland is one of the least advanced in Europe. Despite great efforts over the last 20 years municipal waste landfilling has only reduced from 95 percent in 1991 to 73 percent in 2010. This still means that millions of tonnes of post-consumer waste continue to be landfilled.
Fully Automated Sorting Plant for Municipal Solid Waste in Oslo with Recovery of Metals, Plastics, Paper and Refuse Derived Fuel
© ThomĂ©-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (9/2016)
In order to treat household waste Romerike Avfallsforedling (ROAF) located in Skedsmorkorset north of Oslo, Norway required the installation of a mechanical Treatment facility to process 40,000 tpa. Together with a Norwegian based technical consultancy Mepex and German based technical consultancy EUG the project was tendered and the plant build against a technical specification. In 2013 the project was awarded to Stadler Anlagenbau and since April 2014 the plant is in operation with an hourly throughput of thirty tons. The input waste contains specific green coloured bags containing food waste which is collected together with the residual waste from the households. The process recovers successfully the green food bags before the remaining waste is mechanically pre-treated and screened to isolate a polymer rich fraction which is then fully segregated via NIR technology in to target polymers prior to fully automated product baling. Recoverable Fibre is optically targeted as well as ferrous and non-ferrous metals. All food waste is transported off site for further biological treatment and the remaining residual waste leaves site for thermal recovery. In 2015 the plant has been successfully upgraded to forty tons per hour and remains fully automated including material baling.
© ThomĂ©-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (9/2016)
In order to treat household waste Romerike Avfallsforedling (ROAF) located in Skedsmorkorset north of Oslo, Norway required the installation of a mechanical Treatment facility to process 40,000 tpa. Together with a Norwegian based technical consultancy Mepex and German based technical consultancy EUG the project was tendered and the plant build against a technical specification. In 2013 the project was awarded to Stadler Anlagenbau and since April 2014 the plant is in operation with an hourly throughput of thirty tons. The input waste contains specific green coloured bags containing food waste which is collected together with the residual waste from the households. The process recovers successfully the green food bags before the remaining waste is mechanically pre-treated and screened to isolate a polymer rich fraction which is then fully segregated via NIR technology in to target polymers prior to fully automated product baling. Recoverable Fibre is optically targeted as well as ferrous and non-ferrous metals. All food waste is transported off site for further biological treatment and the remaining residual waste leaves site for thermal recovery. In 2015 the plant has been successfully upgraded to forty tons per hour and remains fully automated including material baling.
DIRECT-MAT – developing best practice on recycling or safe disposal of road materials in Europe
© Wasteconsult International (6/2010)
The European road network has a total length of more than 5.8 million km (ERF 2007) and it is still growing. Obviously, various pavement layers exhibit different lifetimes which makes regular maintenance work necessary. As a result, several hundred million tons of road materials are excavated each year from a number of demolished pavement layers. According to European policy (EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, 2006), these materials can be seen as wastes, viz. “substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard”. Nevertheless, in nearly all countries, part of these road construction wastes is reused or recycled back into road infrastructure and this part may reach 100 % depending on the type of road waste.
© Wasteconsult International (6/2010)
The European road network has a total length of more than 5.8 million km (ERF 2007) and it is still growing. Obviously, various pavement layers exhibit different lifetimes which makes regular maintenance work necessary. As a result, several hundred million tons of road materials are excavated each year from a number of demolished pavement layers. According to European policy (EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, 2006), these materials can be seen as wastes, viz. “substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard”. Nevertheless, in nearly all countries, part of these road construction wastes is reused or recycled back into road infrastructure and this part may reach 100 % depending on the type of road waste.
DeconRCM: A decision support system tool for renovation and demolition waste management
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
The absence of a certified network for the collection and processing of the materials contained in generated Renovation and Demolition (R&D) waste is a main shortcoming of R&D waste management in Greece. Until recently, less than 5% of all R&D waste generated in Greece was reused or recycled, while the rest was landfilled or disposed in uncontrolled, open dumps. In order to increase the community’s awareness in environmental issues a research team has been formed and qualified for the funding of the project “Information System for Demolition Waste Management” (DEWAM project).
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
The absence of a certified network for the collection and processing of the materials contained in generated Renovation and Demolition (R&D) waste is a main shortcoming of R&D waste management in Greece. Until recently, less than 5% of all R&D waste generated in Greece was reused or recycled, while the rest was landfilled or disposed in uncontrolled, open dumps. In order to increase the community’s awareness in environmental issues a research team has been formed and qualified for the funding of the project “Information System for Demolition Waste Management” (DEWAM project).
Investigation on material separation of mixed construction and demolition waste by sorting process
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
The final disposal ratio of mixed construction and demolition waste (MCDW) remains high in Japan, while progress has been made in the recycling of other construction and demolition waste. Sorting facilities are expected to play an important role in better management of MCDW. In this study, the feasibility of sorting facilities for the separation of material and of pre-treatment for final disposal was investigated by conducting a batch experiment at an operational facility.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
The final disposal ratio of mixed construction and demolition waste (MCDW) remains high in Japan, while progress has been made in the recycling of other construction and demolition waste. Sorting facilities are expected to play an important role in better management of MCDW. In this study, the feasibility of sorting facilities for the separation of material and of pre-treatment for final disposal was investigated by conducting a batch experiment at an operational facility.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ON BRAZILIAN CONSTRUCTION SITES
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
In recent years, Brazilian civil construction and the real estate construction sub-sector, particularly, have faced challenges to find top-level quality and productivity within a process of upgrade and change in traditional practices. However, numerous shortages can be found at every stage of the building production process. Included in these shortages is the management of a large quantity of waste products, causing serious urban problems arising from the scarcity of disposal areas, from public sanitation problems and environmental contamination.
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
In recent years, Brazilian civil construction and the real estate construction sub-sector, particularly, have faced challenges to find top-level quality and productivity within a process of upgrade and change in traditional practices. However, numerous shortages can be found at every stage of the building production process. Included in these shortages is the management of a large quantity of waste products, causing serious urban problems arising from the scarcity of disposal areas, from public sanitation problems and environmental contamination.
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN REGIONS: TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVEMENT
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Improving Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management services in developing regions of the world is one the major challenges of sustainable urban development. As part of its commitment to help these regions in this effort, the World Bank commissioned a study in 2006 to review and rationalize the current state of municipal solid waste management in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) regions, and to recommend actions leading to improvements and greater private sector participation/investment.
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Improving Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management services in developing regions of the world is one the major challenges of sustainable urban development. As part of its commitment to help these regions in this effort, the World Bank commissioned a study in 2006 to review and rationalize the current state of municipal solid waste management in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) regions, and to recommend actions leading to improvements and greater private sector participation/investment.
RECYCLING CENTRES FOR CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTES IN BRAZIL: A STUDY CASE FOR THE CITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Only eleven (0.2%) of the 5,507 Brazilian municipalities have C&D waste recycling centres. Thirteen centres (seven in operation, one restarting its operation and five have shut down) are stationary plants and recycle part of the C&D waste produced in local communities. It can, therefore, be concluded that a large part of this waste is not recycled in Brazil. Nonetheless, this situation is changing. Since the publication of CONAMA (Brazilian Environmental Protection Agency) Resolution no. 307 in 2002, all Brazilian local governments are obliged to prepare and adopt strategies for sustainable management of C&D waste (MMA, 2002). In the justifications for this resolution, mention was made of the feasibility of the production and use of C&D waste materials. However, there has been relatively little research in Brazil to prove the technical and economic viability of C&D waste recycling centres.
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Only eleven (0.2%) of the 5,507 Brazilian municipalities have C&D waste recycling centres. Thirteen centres (seven in operation, one restarting its operation and five have shut down) are stationary plants and recycle part of the C&D waste produced in local communities. It can, therefore, be concluded that a large part of this waste is not recycled in Brazil. Nonetheless, this situation is changing. Since the publication of CONAMA (Brazilian Environmental Protection Agency) Resolution no. 307 in 2002, all Brazilian local governments are obliged to prepare and adopt strategies for sustainable management of C&D waste (MMA, 2002). In the justifications for this resolution, mention was made of the feasibility of the production and use of C&D waste materials. However, there has been relatively little research in Brazil to prove the technical and economic viability of C&D waste recycling centres.
